Bioetika Dari Sudut Pandang Teologi Kristen

Nando Agusto Daud Longkutoy, Andreas Budi Setyobekti

Abstract


Abstract

Theology and Science are fields of study that frequently intersect, especially on ethical issues within the scientific world. Several moral dilemmas in the medical field require ethical guidelines, which led to the emergence of the term bioethics. Due to the remarkable medical advancements from the 1960s to the 1970s, bioethics is regarded as a bridge between science and ethics. Various bioethical perspectives are applied today, with utilitarianism and individualism being two prominent secular bioethical viewpoints. Theological perspectives, however, are often marginalized in the realm of bioethics for several reasons, one being the process of secularization. Nevertheless, because secular bioethics lack concepts such as virtue and truth, theological perspectives become significant. Theology views humans as created in the image of God, which confers dignity to humans and ensures that everyone has rights in the medical field. John Frame's Christian ethical guidelines can also aid believers in making decisions in the world of bioethics.

Keywords: Bioethics; Theology; Christianity; Science; image of God

Abstrak

Teologi dan Sains adalah bidang ilmu yang tidak jarang bertemu terlebih khusus pada permasalahan etika dalam dunia sains. Beberapa permasalahan moral di dunia medis memerlukan suatu panduan dalam beretika, untuk itu istilah bioetika muncul. Karena perkembangan medis yang luar biasa di tahun 1960 sampai 1970 sehingga bioetika dianggap sebagai jembatan antara sains dan etika. Berbagai pandangan bioetika diterapkan saat ini namun utilitarianisme dan individualisme menjadi dua pandangan bioetika sekuler yang memiliki tempat yang penting dalam dunia bioetika. Pandangan teologi dimarginalkan dalam dunia bioetika karena beberapa alasan salah satunya seperti proses sekularisasi yang terjadi. Namun karena bioetika sekuler tidak memilik pandangan seperti kebajikan dan kebenaran sehingga pandangan teologi menjadi penting. Pandangan teologi memandang manusia diciptakan menurut Gambar Allah yang memberikan martabat bagi manusia sehingga semua manusia mendapat hak dalam dunia medis. Panduan etika Kristen John Frame yang bisa dilihat dari tiga perspektif yaitu situational perspective, normative perspective dan existential perspective pun dapat menjadi bantuan orang percaya dalam pengambilan keputusan dalam dunia bioetika.

Kata kunci : Bioetika; Teologi; Kristen; Sains; Gambar Allah

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54403/rjtpi.v4i2.90

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